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IJAR.2017.427

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Type of Article:  Original Research

Volume 5; Issue 4.3 (December 2017)

Page No.: 4648-4653

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.427

A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF HUMAN FOETAL GALLBLADDER

Kalpana Thounaojam*1, Ashihe Kaini Pfoze 1, N. Saratchandra Singh2, Y. Ibochouba Singh 2.

*1Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences (JNIMS), Imphal, Manipur, India.

2 Professor, Department of Anatomy, Regional Institute of  Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal, Manipur, India.

Address for correspondence: Dr Kalpana Thounaojam, Associate Professor, Anatomy Department, JNIMS,  Imphal- 795005, Manipur, India. E-Mail: kalpanathounaojam@yahoo.co.in

ABSTRACT

Background: The wall of human gallbladder is composed of three layers: mucous membrane(mucosa), fibromuscular layer,  adventitia (and serosa). Heterotopic tissues in the gallbladder include liver parenchymal nodules suspended in gallbladder by a mesentery, gastric mucosa and       pancreatic tissue. There are not many literature on the histological development of human foetal gallbladder. The study was aimed at conducting an utmost effort on analyzing the histological layers of human foetal gallbladder at different gestational ages.

Materials and Methods: 100 fresh fetuses, of different age groups varying from 15 weeks to 40 weeks which are products of terminated pregnancy under Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP)  Act of India,1971 and stillbirths are obtained from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Regional  Institute of Medical Sciences,Imphal. The histology of foetal gallbladder are analysed in the present study by staining the sections prepared with haematoxylin and eosin, Van Gieson’s, Masson’s Trichrome and Verhoeff’s haematoxylin elastic tissue stains.

Result: In the present study, three histological layers of gallbladder viz., mucosa, fibromuscular layer and adventitia(and serosa) can be clearly demarcated from 18-week old foetuses onwards. In younger foetal age-groups, the lining epithelium is predominantly pseudostratified columnar with a few simple columnar epithelium. As the foetus grows older, the lining epithelium is predominated by simple columnar epithelium. In the foetal age-group of 31-40 weeks, the lining epithelium is mainly simple columnar with a few patches of pseudostratified columnar epithelium. The brush border in the lining epithelial cell of gallbladder is observed from 26 weeks of foetal age onwards. A septate gallbladder is detected.

Conclusion: This study aims to study the histological development of human foetal gallbladder. The lining epithelium of human gallbladder is simple columnar epithelium. Contrary to this finding, the present study reports that pseudostratified columnar epithelium is seen in foetal gallbladder.  The brush border in the lining epithelial cell of gallbladder is observed from 26 weeks of foetal age onwards.

KEY WORDS: Gallbladder, Foetal, Histology, Development, Special Histological Stains.

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Cite this article: Kalpana Thounaojam, Ashihe Kaini Pfoze, N. Saratchandra Singh, Y. Ibochouba Singh. A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF HUMAN FOETAL GALLBLADDER. Int J Anat Res 2017;5(4.3):4648-4653. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2017.427