https://www.ijmhr.org/ijar.htm editor_anatomy@ijmhr.org
ISSN:       2321-4281 (E) 2321-8967 (P)

IJAR.2018.265

DOWNLOAD PDF
Table of Contents

Type of Article:  Original Research

Volume 6; Issue 3.2 (August 2018)

Page No.: 5515-5519

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2018.265

PLACENTAL MORPHOLOGY AND FETAL OUTCOME IN PRE-ECLAMPTIC PREGNANCIES

Divya Jayan A *1, Ramadas Naik 2, Ajay Udyavar 3.

*1 Ph.D Scholar, Department of Anatomy, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

2 Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

3 Professor, Department of Anatomy, A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Address for Correspondence: Divya Jayan A, Ph.D Scholar, Department of Anatomy, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. Phone: +91 8157945695 E-Mail: divyajayan83@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is one of the major obstetric problem affects 5-8% of all pregnancies leading to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Fetal outcome is badly affected by pathological changes developing in placenta.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the department of Anatomy with Pathology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka. A total of 32 freshly delivered placentae (24 from pre-eclamptic pregnancy and 8 from normal pregnancy) were collected from the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of Yenepoya Medical College Hospital, Mangalore. Morphologic and morphometric parameters of placentae were noted and their means were calculated.

Results: The morphologic parameters of the placenta were showed significant difference in two groups (p=0.018). Fetal birth weight was lower in pre-eclamptic group and 33% of babies of pre-eclamptic mothers developed IUGR. The incidence of pre-eclamptic patients underwent caesarean section was 71% and 16% of pre-eclamptic mothers developed eclampsia and HELLP syndrome.

Discussion: Pre-eclampsia is associated with significant changes in placental morphology due to decreased uteroplacental blood flow. Prematurity, growth restriction and low birth weight are fetal complications expected to be linked with pre-eclampsia. Placental weight had relevant connection with the fetal birth weight. Hence, the knowledge of this will be extremely useful in the early diagnosis of placental insufficiency and to plan a safe pregnancy with healthy fetal outcome.

Key words: Fetal Outcome, Morphology, Placenta, Pre-Eclampsia.

REFERENCES

  1. Londhe PS, Mane AB. Morphometric study of placenta and its correlation in normal and hypertensive pregnancies. Int J Pharm BioSci 2011;2:429-37.
  2. Benirshke K. The placenta: How to examine it and what you can learn. Contemp Obstet Gynaecol. 1981;17:117–9.
  3. Garg K, Rath G, Sharma S. Association of birth weight, placental weight and the site of umbilical cord insertion in hypertensive mothers. J. Anat. Soc. India. 1996;44:4.
  4. Kulandaivelu AR, Srinivasamurthy BC, Murugan A, Mutharasu A. Morphology and Morphometric Study of Human Placenta in Rural Southern India. British Journal of Medicine & Medical Research. 2014;4(15):2995-3008.
  5. Sultana S, Hossain GA, Rahman MH, Hasan N, Sultana SZ, Khalil M. Changes of placental diameter thickness and cotyledon in eclampsia. Mymensingh Med J. 2007;16(2):127-31.
  6. Majumdar S, Dasguptha H, Bhattacharya K, Bhattacharya A. A study of placenta in normal and hypertensive pregnancies. J Anat Soc India. 2005;54:34–8.
  7. Fox H. The morphological basis of placental insufficiency. J Obstet Gynaecol India. 1975; 25:441–50.
  8. Virupaxi RD, Potturi BR, Shirol VS, Desai SP, Hukkeri VB. Morphology of placenta and its relation with small for date babies in 950 live births. Rec Res Sci Technol 2011;3:123-6.
  9. Singh S, Gugapriya TS.A cross sectional morphometric study of hypertensive with normal placentae and its correlation with fetal outcome.Int J Anat Res. 2014;2(2):4372.
  10. Salmani D, Purushothaman S, Somashekara SC, Gnanagurudasan E, Sumangaladevi K, Harikishan R, Venkateshwarareddy M. Study of structural changes in placenta in pregnancy-induced hypertension. Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine. 2014 Jul 1;5(2):352-55.
  11. Gautam G, Bhake A, Samal N, Shukla S, Gautam M, Patil P. Correlative study of placenta in Pregnancy induced hypertension cases. International Journal of Development Research. 2015 June;5(6):4802-06.
  12. Udainia A, Jain ML. Morphological study of placenta in pregnancy induced hypertension with its clinical relevance. J. Anat. Soc. India.2001;50(1):24-27.
  13. Raghunath G, Vijayalakshmi VS. A study on the Morphology and the Morphometry of the Human Placenta and its Clinical Relevance in a population in Tamilnadu. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2011 Apr;5(2):282-86
  14. Verma R, Prasad R, Mishra S, Kaul JM.Vascular pattern of chorionic blood vessels of placenta and its correlation with the birth weight of neonate.Int.J.Morphol.2012;30(3):952-955.
  15. Teasdale F. Histomorphometry of the human placenta in preeclampsia associated with severe intrauterine growth retardation. Placenta1987;8:119-28.

Cite this article: Divya Jayan A, Ramadas Naik, Ajay Udyavar. PLACENTAL MORPHOLOGY AND FETAL OUTCOME IN PRE-ECLAMPTIC PREGNANCIES. Int J Anat Res 2018;6(3.2):5515-5519. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2018.265