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IJAR.2020.125

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Type of Article:  Original Research

Volume 8; Issue 2.2 (May 2020)

Page No.: 7463-7469

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2020.125

SPECTROSCOPIC, ANAESTHETIC AND HISTOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTS OF VITEX DONIANA SWEET ON RETICULAR FORMATION

Elizabeth Finbarrs-Bello *1, Oluwatomilayo Patience Ojo 2, Chikezie Jude Okamkpa 1.

*1 Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences. Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Parklane. Enugu State. Nigeria.

2 Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.

Corresponding Author: Elizabeth Finbarrs-Bello, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences. Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Parklane. Enugu State. Nigeria.   E-Mail: elizabeth.finbarrs-bello@esut.edu.ng.  Tel: +2348064113179

ABSTRACT

The study investigated spectroscopic property, anesthetic and histological effects of Vitex donianna sweet. Spectroanalysis was conducted using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis; anesthetic and histological assessments were carried out on four groups (A, B, C and D) of four rats each. Group A received 0.1ml of physiological saline,  group B; 50mg/kg of ketamine alone (i.m), while groups C and D were administered 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight (i.p) of the leave extract respectively 30 minutes later, 50mg/kg of ketamine was given intramuscularly.  Rectal temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate (abdominal beats) were measured.   The periods of onset and recovery from anaesthesia were recorded. Reticular formation of the brainstem was harvested, manually processed and stained for morphological changes and Nissl granules using H& E and Cresyl fast violet.  The AAS and FTIR analysis revealed presence of zinc and functional groups such as ethyl, carboxyl, ether, acetyl and hydroxyl groups which have pharmacological relevant to the extract property.  The results showed that administration Vitex donianna produced a dose dependent anesthetics effect. The light microscopic study reveal deeply stained nissls granules and few prominently stained pyramidal cells. In conclusion, this could translate into an increased synthesis of serotonin and glutamates neurotransmitters in the reticular formation, which accounts for the anesthetic and reversal of ketamine effects observed in this study.

Key words: RAS, Vitex Donianna, Anesthetic, Histology, Glutamate, Serotonin.

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Cite this article: Elizabeth Finbarrs-Bello, Oluwatomilayo Patience Ojo, Chikezie Jude Okamkpa. SPECTROSCOPIC, ANAESTHETIC AND HISTOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTS OF VITEX DONIANA SWEET ON RETICULAR FORMATION. Int J Anat Res 2020;8(2.2):7463-7469. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2020.125