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IJAR.2017.505

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Type of Article:  Original Research

Volume 6; Issue 1.2 (February 2018)

Page No.: 4906-4913

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.505

AN OSTEOLOGICAL STUDY OF FORAMEN TRANSVERSARIUM OF CERVICAL VERTEBRAE AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

A.K. Manicka Vasuki *1, M. Jamuna 2, M. Nirmaladevi 3, Deborah Joy Hebzibah 4, K. Radhika 5, Kailash Krishnan 6.

*1,4,5 Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Psg Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India.

2 Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, Psg Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Psg Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India.

6 Post Graduate, Department of Anatomy, Psg Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India.

Corresponding Author: Dr.A.K.Manicka Vasuki, Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore – 641004, India. Ph.No.9842766782 E-Mail: vasukikalyan01@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: Seven cervical vertebrae constitute the skeletal framework of the neck. Along with the other identification points, the cardinal feature of a cervical vertebra whether typical or atypical is the presence of Foramen transversarium on the transverse process. This foramen transmits the Vertebral artery, Vertebral vein and Sympathetic nerves. These foramina are known to have variations in size, shape and numbers and may be absent, incomplete or duplicate, which may lead to various symptoms. Their etiology is related with the variations in the course of the Vertebral artery due to developmental reasons.

The aim of this study is to identify the size, shape and variations of Foramen transversarium of cervical vertebra and to point out these variations.

Materials and methods: Three hundred dry human cervical vertebrae were collected and studied in the department of Anatomy, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore. We included all the Cervical vertebrae including Atlas, Axis and all other cervical vertebrae. We observed the presence, size, shape and variations of Foramen transversarium of cervical vertebrae during our study.

Observations and results: Out of three hundred Cervical vertebrae, One hundred and twenty five cervical vertebrae (42%) had variations of Foramen transversarium like Complete / incomplete Accessory foramen, triple foramen on one side, absence of foramen on one side and unequal size of foramen on both the sides. Out of which, fifty (17%) cervical vertebrae was observed to have unilateral accessory foramen transversarium and nineteen(6%) cervical vertebrae was observed to have bilateral accessory foramen transversarium. Triple foramen was found in one cervical vertebra. Unequal size of foramen transversarium was observed in forty two (14%) cervical vertebrae. One side complete foramen and the other side incomplete foramen were found in ten (3%) cervical vertebrae. The different types of shapes of foramen transversarium were also analysed and tabulated. The areas of foramen transversarium were measured after measuring all the diameters.

Conclusion:  Variations in the Foramen transversarium may indicate, the variation in the course of the Vertebral artery. The present study was important clinical implications for Head and neck and vascular surgeries. These variations should be kept in our mind during surgeries on cervical spine.

KEY WORDS: Foramen transversarium, shape, cervical vertebrae, accessory, absent and variations.

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Cite this article: A.K. Manicka Vasuki, M. Jamuna, M. Nirmaladevi, Deborah Joy Hebzibah, K. Radhika, Kailash Krishnan. AN OSTEOLOGICAL STUDY OF FORAMEN TRANSVERSARIUM OF CERVICAL VERTEBRAE AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE. Int J Anat Res 2018;6(1.2):4906-4913. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2017.505