https://www.ijmhr.org/ijar.htm editor_anatomy@ijmhr.org
ISSN:       2321-4281 (E) 2321-8967 (P)

IJAR.2019.198

DOWNLOAD PDF
Table of Contents

Type of Article:  Original Research

Volume 7; Issue 2.3 (June 2019)

Page No.: 6657-6662

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2019.198

A STUDY ON HARD PALATE AND HIGH ARCHED PALATE: A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY WITH ASSOCIATED TRAITS

Panathula Annapurna 1, Peruri Pushyami *2.

1 Assistant professor, Department of Anatomy, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

*2 Assistant professor, Department of Anatomy, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Address of correspondence: Dr. Peruri Pushyami, Assistant professor, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, 521345, Mobile no: 9963175827, E-Mail: dr.pushyami@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Background: The hard palate is important for feeding, mastication and speech. Mammals with a defective hard palate may die shortly after birth due to the inability to suckle. The interaction between tongue and hard palate is essential in the formation of certain speech sounds. In high arched palate, a proper palate-lingual contact is not achieved, resulting in defective articulation. Surgically, the anatomy of hard palate can be modified by using Palatal Height Index measurement, which could lead to the improvisation of palato-lingual contact and articulation. This study aims to determine the Palatal height index.

Results: After taking detail history of the subjects, the qualitative and quantitative parameters were measured and then compared between the normal group (n=60) and high arched palate group (n=60) to know the statistical significance between the two groups. The qualitative parameters measured in this study were shape of hard palate, permanent dentition, microdontia, spacing of teeth, missing of teeth, eruption time of teeth, crowding of teeth, malalignment, and malocclusion. The quantitative parameters measured in this study were average linear width, average height and palatal height index. Impressions of hard palate were taken through the prepared cast. From the prepared cast average linear width, average height and palatine height index were measured. The mean ± SD value of average linear width measured between two molars was found to be 3.82 ± 0.32 in normal and 3.46 ± 0.17 in high arched palate subjects.  The mean ± SD value of average height measured between two molars was 1.58 ± 0.26 in normal and 2.06 ± 0.2 in high arched palate subjects. The mean ± SD value of palatine height index measured between two molars was 41.98 ± 9.82 in normal and 59.69 ± 5.81 in high arched palate subjects.

Conclusion: Palatal height index was high in the study group when compared to the normal group of similar aged candidates and the results were found to be statistically significant. Crowding of incisors and canines, malocclusion, malalignment, absence of 2nd premolar, spacing of teeth were observed in high arched palate group.

Key words: Hard palate, Crowding of teeth, Malocclusion, Average linear width, Average height and Palatal Height Index.

REFERENCES

  1. Standring S. Gray’s anatomy: The anatomical basis of clinical practice. 40th 2016; Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier, Edinburgh, London.
  2. Antony Sylvan D Souza, Mamatha H, Nayak Jyothi. Morphometric analysis of hard palate in South Indian skulls. Jour of Biomedical research 2012; 23(2):173-175.
  3. Bhagyalakshmi G, Renukarya AJ, Rajangam S. Metric analysis of the hard palate in children with Down syndrome: a comparative study. Downs Syndr Res Pract. 2007 Jul; 12(1):55-9.
  4. Howell S. Assessment of palatal height in children. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 1981; Feb 9(1):44-47.
  5. Amany mohammed, Farak. Palatal dimensions in different races. American Jour. of Orthodontics. 2013; 15: 29-33.
  6. Bresolin, McFarland DH. Speech adaptation to an artificial palate. Jour of the Acoustical Society of America. 2005; 102(4): 2353-59.
  7. Bagic I, Verzak Z. Craniofacial anthropometric analysis in Down’s syndrome patients. Collegium Antropologicum. 2003; 27:23-30.
  8. Panchón-Ruiz A, Jornet-Carrillo V, Sanchez del Campo F. Palate vault morphology in Down syndrome. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol. 2000 Oct-Dec; 20(4):198-200.
  9. Maria CM, da Silva AM, Stella Angela RB, de Paula GB, Berwig LC. Evaluation of hard palate depth: Correlation between quantitative and qualitative method. Rev CEFAC. 2013;15: 1292–99.
  10. Hassanali J, Mwaniki D. Palatal analysis and osteology of the hard palate of the Kenyan Africanskulls. Jour of Anatomical Research. 1984; 209: 273-280.
  11. Skrinjarić T, Glavina D, Jukić J. Palatal and dental arch morphology in Down syndrome. Coll Antropol. 2004 Dec; 28(2):841-7.
  12. Abeleira MT, Outumuro M, Diniz M, Limeres J, Ramos I, Diz P. Morphometry of the hard palate in Down’s syndrome through CBCT-image analysis. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2015 Nov; 18 (4):212-20.
  13. Kim SJ, Donovan DM, Blanchard SB, Kowolik JE, Eckert GJ. The relationship between acute otitis media and the anatomic form of the hard palate. Pediatr Dent. 2008 Jan-Feb; 30(1):9-14.
  14. Das S, Gupta T, Dholam K, Chouksey G, Ghosh Laskar S, Prakash Agarwal J. Is palatal vault height a determinant for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A hypothesis? Med Hypotheses. 2015 Nov; 85(5):534-6.
  15. Huang YS, Hsu JF, Paiva T, Chin WC, Chen IC, Guilleminault C. Sleep disordered breathing, craniofacial development, and neurodevelopment in premature infants: a 2-year follow-up study. Sleep Med. 2018 Oct 29. pii: S1389-9457(18)30872-4.

Cite this article: Panathula Annapurna, Peruri Pushyami. A STUDY ON HARD PALATE AND HIGH ARCHED PALATE: A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY WITH ASSOCIATED TRAITS. Int J Anat Res 2019;7(2.3):6657-6662. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2019.198