IJAR.2021.101
Type of Article: Original Research
Volume 9; Issue 1.3 (March 2021)
Page No.: 7890-7895
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2021.101
Incidence of Third Trochanter in Human Femora and It’s Morphometry in Indian Population
Salma Sadaf 1, Padmalatha K *2, Giridhar Dasegowda 3, Priyanka Prasanna Kumar Belaguthi 4.
1 Third year MBBS Student, ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
*2 Associate Professor, ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
3 Third year MBBS Student, ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
4 Third year MBBS Student, ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Corresponding Author: Dr Padmalatha K, Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. E-Mail: padduanat@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: The third trochanter is an osseous-cartilaginous-tendinous complex. It is a term used for a prominent oval structure usually confined under the greater trochanter in the superior end of gluteal tuberosity. The third trochanter results from increased pull of the gluteus maximus. The third trochanter gives the muscle better grip, helps to alter the direction of tendon and improves effective function.
Purpose of the study: The present study was undertaken to compare the incidence of the third trochanter in human femora with other series and to correlate with its morphometry.
Materials and Methods: 56 dry human femurs (28 each of right and left side) of unknown age and sex were obtained from fellow undergraduate students at ESIC Medical College and PGIMSR, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Trochanters with damaged upper ends were excluded from the study. After careful examination two femurs were excluded and the rest were subjected to identification of third trochanter.
Results: The incidence of the third trochanter in the present study was 14.28% with the right side predominant (10.71%). The mean length and width were 17.87mm and 7mm respectively. The femurs with the third trochanter were found to have better developed greater trochanter and all the osteometric measurements were found to be higher compared to the ones without. No significant difference was noted in the morphometric indices, as all the osteometric measurements were uniformly increased.
Conclusion: This study was performed to increase the understanding of this post-cranial non metric trait on Indian population because of scarcity of information on this variation of human femora. We find the incidence more on the right side indicative of dominant side in most people. The femurs were uniformly bulkier as seen in better built human femurs. Hence, it is a change to meet the functional demands.
KEY WORDS: third trochanter, trochanter, femur, morphometry, gluteus maximus, bony projection, non-metric variant, post-cranial.
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