IJAR.2021.170
Type of Article: Original Research
Volume 9; Issue 4 (December 2021)
Page No.: 8139-8144
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2021.170
Study on Morphometry of Adrenal Glands in live fetuses by Ultrasonography
Maruti ram Annamraju *1, Alka Prasad 2, Srihari Rao Battalapalli 3, Subhadra Devi Velichety 4, B Ravindra Kumar 5.
*1 Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, ACSR Govt. Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
2 Consultant Radiologist, Alka scan Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
3 Professor, Department of Surgery, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, SPMC(W), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
4 Professor, Department of Anatomy, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India.
5 Assistant Professor, Department Anatomy, Parul Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Parul University, Post Limda, Waghodia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Corresponding Author: Dr. Maruti ram Annamraju, Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, ACSR Govt. Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. E-Mail: marutiramannamraju@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Development of adrenal gland is always peculiar as it involves the complex process. It has an intriguing role in the harmonious development of fetus. Ultrasonographic Studies on fetal suprarenal glands help in understanding the embryology of Suprarenal glands and are also useful in obstetrics, perinatology and fetopathology. Risk factors associated with the pregnancy like maternal diabetes and hypertension could impair the growth of adrenal glands. The nomograms of adrenal glands observed by ultrasonography are of clinical
importance and help us in planning prevention and management of a fetus in high-risk pregnancies. This requires a feasible and repeatable screening test.
Objective: To estimate various suprarenal gland measurements such as length, width, thickness, volume, surface area, circumference, thickness of cortex and medulla.
Materials and methods: Present study conducted with 62 live normal human fetuses of different gestational ages ranging from 20 – 40 weeks, through ultrasonographic study using real time 4D and B mode Ge Voluson 730 pro ultra sound macine. Probes used were AB-2-7 Convex 2d abdominal Probe and RABA 4-8 Convex 4D abdominal probe, This study was undertaken after obtaining prior permission from the institutional ethics committee, and consent from pregnant woman. Sex of the fetus was not revealed during ultrasonographic study. Fetal parameters of supra-renal gland were recorded and documented.
Results: Suprarenal gland length, width, thickness, cortico-medullary thickness, surface area and circumference of both right and left side revealed significant difference (p<0.01). The detailed data analysis was presented in the subsequent headings.
Conclusion: The data obtained from this study, may be useful to understand the suprarenal morphometry in live fetuses thus, the database is useful in obstetrics, perinatology and fetopathology.
KEYWORDS: Morphometry, Suprarenal gland, Adrenal gland, Antenatal, Ultrasonography.
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