Type of Article : Original
Year: 2015 | Volume 3 | Issue 1 | Page No. 966-969
Date of Publication: 31-03-2015
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2015.134
A STUDY ON FACIAL ARTERY VARIATION AND ITS CLINICAL IMPLICATION FOR FACIAL SURGERIES
Md Khaleel Ahmed *1, Pradeep K. Murudkar 2, Md. Kafeel Ahmed 3.
*1 Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, KBN Medical College,Kalaburagi, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
2 Professor and HOD, Department of Anatomy, KBN Medical College, Kalaburagi, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
3 Tutor, Department of Dentistry, KBN hospital, Kalaburagi, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
Address: Dr. Md Khaleel Ahmed, Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, KBN Medical College, Kalaburagi, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
E-Mail: dr.mohammedkhaleel786@gmail.com
Abstract
Introduction: Accurate knowledge of the normal and variant arterial anatomy of the facial artery is important for vascular radiology and will provide an anatomical basis to assist surgeons in performing maxillo-facial surgeries successfully.
Materials and Methods: Formalin-fixed faces of unknown sex adult cadavers were dissected following the Cunningham's manual of practical anatomy, volume 3. The age of the cadavers was not noted.
Results: The variations in the facial artery were grouped under three categories following the classification of Bayramet.al, 2010. Type I category – Facial artery terminated as angular artery ; Type II category – facial artery terminated as superior labial ; Type III – Facial artery terminated as inferior labial .In present study (type-II) is seen. Premasseteric branch was observed.
Discussion: Niranjan NS (1988) observed the variations of facial artery in 50 hemi-faces. According to him, facial artery terminated as angular artery in 68 % of hemi-faces, lateral nasal artery in 26% of hemi-faces, Superior labial artery in 4% of hemi-faces and 2% terminated at the alar base 12. In present study facial artery terminates as superior labial artery. A study conducted by Magden et.al (2009) , on the premasseteric branch, suggested that in 3% cases the diameter of premasseteric branch was larger than the facial artery.
Conclusion: This study shows that the variation in the branching pattern of facial artery variations, which help in avoiding the mishaps during certain surgical procedures.
KEY WORDS: Facial Artery, Inferior Labial Artery, Lateral Nasal Artery Premasseteric Branch, Superior Labial Artery.
References
- Standring S, ed. Gray’s Anatomy. The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. 40th Ed., Edinburgh, Churchill Livingstone. 2009; 490-491.
- Kumar N, Nayak SB, Shetty S, Guru A. Unusual posterior (premasseteric) branch of facial artery – a case report. IJAV.2011; 4:161-3.
- Lohn JW, Penn JW, Norton J, Butler PE. The course and variation of the facial artery and vein: implicatons for facial transplantation and facial surgery. Ann PlastSurg, 2011;67(2):184-8.
- Tubbs RS, Salter EG, Oakes WJ. Unilateral agenesis of the facial artery with compensation by a giant transverse facial artery.Folia Morphol(Warsz). 2005; 64(3):226-8.
- Adachi B. Arteriensystem der Japaner. Band I, Kyoto, Verlag der Kaiserlich-Japanischen Universitatzu Kyoto. 1928;73-7 (Japanese).
- Pribaz J, Stephens W, Crespo L, Gifford G. A new intra oral flap: facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap. PlastReconstr Surg. 1992;90(3):421-9.
- Dupoirieux L, Plane L, Gard C, PenneauM. Anatomical basis and results of the facial artery musculomucosal flap for oral reconstruction. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999;37(1):25-8.
- Hatoko M, Kuwahara M, Tanaka A, Yurugi S. Use of faciaartery musculomucosal flap for closure of soft tissue defects of the mandibular vestibule. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2002,31(2):210-11.
- Magden O, Gocmen-mas N, Senan S, Edizer M, Karacayli U, KarabekirHS. The premasseteric branch of facial artery: Its importance for craniofacial surgery. Turkish Neurosurgery. 2009;19(1):45-50.
- Loukas M, Hullet J, Louis RG Jr, Kapos T, Knight J, Nagy R, et al. A detailed observation of variations of the facial artery,with emphasis on the superior labial artery.SurjRadiol Anat. 2006;28(3):316-24.
- Niranjan NS. An anatomical study of the facial artery. AnnPlast Surg. 1988;21(1): 14-22.
- Bayram SB, Kalaycioglu A. Branching patterns of facial artery in fetuses. The New Journal of Medicine.2010; 27:227-30.
- Kumar N, Nayak SB, Shetty S, Guru A. Unusual posterior (premasseteric) branch of facial artery – a case report. IJAV.2011;4:161-3.
- Gardetto A, Moriggl B, Maurer H, Erdinger K, Papp C. Anatomical basisfor a new island axial pattern flap in the perioral region. Surg Radiol Anat, 2002;24(3-4):147-54.
Md Khaleel Ahmed, Pradeep K. Murudkar, Md. Kafeel Ahmed. A STUDY ON FACIAL ARTERY VARIATION AND ITS CLINICAL IMPLICATION FOR FACIAL SURGERIES. Int J Anat Res 2015;3(1):966-969. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2015.134