Welcome to International Journal of Anatomy and Research

Type of Article : Original Research

Year: 2015 | Volume 3 | Issue 3 | Page No. 1259-1266

Date of Publication: 31-08-2015

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2015.198

STUDY OF MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS OF 50 PLACENTAE WITH UMBILICAL CORDS AND ITS DEVELOPMENTAL RELEVANCE

Asra Anjum *¹, D.Suseelamma ², S.Saritha ³, T.V. Ramani ⁴D.NagaJyothi ⁵.

^*1 Lecturer of Anatomy, KAMS&RC, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
² Professor and Head, Dept of Anatomy, Mamatha Medical college, Khammam, Telangana, India.
³ Professor and Head, Dept of Anatomy, KAMS&RC, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
⁴ Asst Prof, Dept of Anatomy, KAMS&RC, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
⁵ Asst Prof, Dept of Anatomy, KAMS&RC, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Address: Mrs. Asra Anjum, Lecturer of Anatomy, KAMS&RC, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
E-Mail: asra.anjum1217@gmail.com

Abstract

Introduction: The word “Placenta” is a Latin word and the Greek equivalent word is “Plakons” which means “Flat cake on a plate”. The placenta is a complex multifunctional organ. It provides nutrition, gas exchange, waste removal, endocrine function and immune support. Placenta is a special circulating system to the developing foetus. Being an organ of vital importance for continuation of pregnancy and foetal nutrition it has evolved great interest among the anatomists, embryologists, pathologists and obstetricians.
Materials and Methods: The study was done in 50 placentae which were collected from the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in collaboration with the department of Anatomy, Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Telangana, during the period of 2 years. The morphological variations of placenta, the size, shape, weight and attachment of umbilical cord with its blood vessels were observed, recorded and photographed. The prime objective of the study is to compare and evaluate the morphological alterations of placenta and umbilical cord in pregnancy.
Results and Conclusion: In the current study, the majority of the placentae showed round shape, few placentae with oval and irregular and with an accessory lobe in single placenta.  The current study also includes variations in insertion of umbilical cords was eccentric in majority, central,  marginal and velamentous in a few. Pregnancy induced hypertension significantly affects the placenta by reducing weight and it does not have any significant effect on the shape of placenta, umbilical cord insertion and number of cotyledons on maternal surface. The placenta is the most accurate record of the infants prenatal experience.
KEY WORDS: Placenta, Umbilical cord, morphometry, variations, umbilical vessels.

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Asra Anjum, D.Suseelamma, S.Saritha, T.V. Ramani, D.NagaJyothi. STUDY OF MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS OF 50 PLACENTAE WITH UMBILICAL CORDS AND ITS DEVELOPMENTAL RELEVANCE. Int J Anat Res 2015;3(3):1259-1266. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2015.198