Welcome to International Journal of Anatomy and Research

Type of Article: Original Research

Year: 2016 | Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Page No. 1892-1895

Date of Publication: 29-02-2016

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2016.104

MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF FISSURES AND LOBES OF LUNGS

Dhanalakshmi V *¹, Manoharan C ², Rajesh R ³, Suba Ananthi K ⁴.

^*1 Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Govt. Thoothukudi Medical College, Thoothukudi, Tamilnadu, India.
^*2 Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, Government KanyaKumari Medical College, Tamilnadu, India.
³ Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, Government Thoothukudi Medical College, Thoothukudi, Tamilnadu, India.
⁴ Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Indhira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry. India.

Address: Dr. Dhanalakshmi V, M.D (Anatomy), Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Govt. Thoothukudi Medical College, 3rd Mile, Kamaraj Nagar, Thoothukudi, Tamilnadu, India – 628008
E-Mail: drlakshmidhana@gmail.com

Abstract

Introduction: Lungs are essential organs of respiration. Variations in lobes and fissures of lungs are clinically significant. Awareness of these variations is essential during segmental resections of lung. This study is conducted to observe the completeness of fissures, presence of accessory fissures and accessory lobes of lungs.
Materials and Methods: 100 lungs (50 right and 50 left) from embalmed cadavers and autopsied bodies were studied for the presence of normal fissures, its variations including number of lobes, accessory lobes and accessory fissures.
Results: The right lungs had complete oblique fissure and complete horizontal fissure in   68% and 30% respectively. The left lungs had complete oblique fissure 62 %. Oblique fissure was incomplete in 32 % of right lung and in 38% of left lung. Horizontal fissure was incomplete in 52 % and absent in 18%. 73.3% of incomplete oblique fissure of right lung showed incompleteness posteriorly. In the left lung oblique fissure showed incompleteness anteriorly in 26.3%, in the middle in 21.1% and posteriorly in 52.6%. Horizontal fissure of right lung was incomplete anteriorly in 96.2%.
Accessory fissures were present in 4 specimens (8%) of right lungs and in 1 specimen (2%) of left lung and accessory lobes were present in 2 specimens (4%) of right lungs.
Conclusion: The fissures in normal lungs enhance uniform expansion of lobes. Absence of fissures can affect the expansion of the lungs. Incomplete fissures may also alter the spread of disease within the lung. Knowledge of accessory fissure and variations in lobes and fissures of lung are important as it may mislead while interpreting in radiology.
Key words: Accessory, Fissure, Lobes, Lung, Variation.

References

1. Susan Standring: Gray’s Anatomy.40th edition. Elsevier Limited: churchill Livingstone; 2008.1068-70.
2. Jadhav Mayuri, Pawar Pradeep, Mikam Vasudha, Tawte Aparna, Mane Smita. Anomalous Lobar Pattern of Right Lung: A case report. Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science 2013;1(2).
3. Craig SR, Walker WS. A proposed anatomical classification of the pulmonary fissures: J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1997,  Aug;42(4):233-4.
4. W.Henry Hollinshead: Anatomy for Surgeons. The Thorax, Abdomen and Pelvis. volume.2: 2nd edition. Harper &Row publishers; p-72.1971,
5. Hamilton W.J: Mossman H.W.Human Embryology prenatal development of form and function. 4th edition. MacMillan press Ltd: London; 328-330. 1976
6. K. Lakshmi Kumari, K. Deena Usha Kumari, D: Asha Latha Morphological Variations of Fissures of Lungs. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences Nov. 2015;14 (11) Ver. IV:50-53.
7. Meenakshi S, Manjunath KY, Balasubramanyam V. Morphological variations of the lung fissures and lobes. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 2004 Jul-Sep; 46(3):179-82.
8. Radha K, Durai Pandian K. Fissures and lobes of lungs. a morphological and anatomical study. International Journal of Anatomy and Research 2015;3(2):995-98.
9. Suja Mary Jacob & Minnie Pillay. Variations in the Inter-lobar Fissures of Lungs Obtained from Cadavers of South Indian Origin. Int. J. Morphol. 2013;31(2):497-499.
10. Zareena.SK. A study of morphology and variations of lungs in adults and foetus. International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology. April-2014;3(4).
11. Sumita Dutta, Lopamudra Manda, Sanjay Kumar Mandal, Jayanta Biswas, Ansuman Ray, Manimay Bandopadhyay. Natural fissures of lung- anatomical basis of surgical techniques and imaging. National journal of medical research. Apr – June 2013;3(2):117.
12. Prakash, Bhardwaj AK, Shashirekha M, Suma HY, Krishna GG, Singh G. Lung morphology: a cadaver study in Indian population.Ital J Anat Embryol.2010;115(3):235-40.
13. Muralimanju BV, Prabhu LV, Shilpa K, Pai MM, Kumar CG, Rai A, Prashanth KU. Pulmonary fissures and lobes: a cadaveric study with emphasis on surgical and radiological implications. Clin Ter.2012; 163(1):9-13.

Dhanalakshmi V, Manoharan C, Rajesh R, Suba Ananthi K. MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF FISSURES AND LOBES OF LUNGS. Int J Anat Res 2016;4(1):1892-1895. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2016.104