International Journal of Anatomy and Research

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Type of Article: Original Research

Year: 2016 | Volume 4 | Issue 3 | Page No. 2552-2560

Date of Publication: 31-07-2016

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2016.271


A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF MENTAL FORAMEN OF THE DRY ADULT HUMAN MANDIBLES

Payal Arvind Kasat *1, Muthiyan GG 2, Pritha S. Bhuiyan 3.

*1 Speciality Medical Officer, Seth G. S. M. C. & K.E.M. Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

2Assistant Professor of Anatomy, B.Y.L.Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

3 Professor and Head, Department Of Anatomy, Seth G. S. M. C. & K.E.M. Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Address: Dr. Payal Arvind Kasat, Speciality Medical Officer, Seth G. S. M. C. & K.E.M. Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
E-Mail: payalk554@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Background: The principal complication of surgery of the mental foramen region is paralysis of the mental nerve. Identification of mental foramen is thus important to dental surgeons in nerve blocks and in doing surgical procedures like apicocurettage of mandibular premolars, amalgam filling, periodontal surgery etc. so as to avoid injury to neurovascular bundle. Accessory mental foramina tend to exist in the apical area of the first molar and posterior or inferior area of the mental foramen. Verification of the existence of accessory mental foramina would prevent accessory nerve injury during periapical surgery. In root canal treatment, the possibility of accessory mental foramina–related nerve paraesthesia seems low unless the mental foramen is injured. These foramina have been found to vary in position in different ethnic groups. Therefore, knowledge of morphology of mental foramen will enable effective mental block anaesthesia.
Materials and Methods: Hundred dry adult human mandibles were examined for number, shape and position of mental foramen in relation to the roots of mandibular teeth.
Results: Mental foramen was present in all hundred observed mandibles and it was bilateral. 1.5% of the mandibles showed double mental foramen which was present in the right side. None of the mandibles presented with bilateral accessory mental foramen. Taking both sides into consideration, round shaped mental foramen were observed in 106 mandibles and oval shaped in 94 mandibles. The most common position was on the longitudinal axis of the second premolar.
Conclusions: The morphologic variations of mental foramen are clinically important for dental surgeons and anaesthetists.
Key words: Mental Foramen, Morphology, Mental Anesthesia, Apicocurettage of Mandibular Premolar, Position of Mental Foramen.

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Payal Arvind Kasat, Muthiyan GG, Pritha S. Bhuiyan. A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF MENTAL FORAMEN OF THE DRY ADULT HUMAN MANDIBLES. Int J Anat Res 2016;4(3):2552-2560. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2016.271

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