International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research



Welcome to International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research

b2



b3

Type of Article : Original Research

Year: 2015 | Volume 3 | Issue 2 | Page No. 947-954

Date of Publication: 11-04-2015

DOI: 10.16965/ijpr.2015.112

EFFECT OF SENSORY INTEGRATION THERAPY AND COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY ON ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER: SINGLE BLINDED STUDY  

Vandana J Rathod *1, Vyoma Shah 2, Jagatheesan Alagesan 3, Poongundran Paranthaman 4, Soundararajan P 5.  

*1 Lecturer, SPB Physiotherapy College, Surat, India.
2 Chief Physiotherapist, Physioworld, Ahmedabad, India.
3 Professor, Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, Chennai, India.
4 Principal, Sigma Institute of Physiotherapy, Vadodara, India.
5 Professor in Paediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pondicherry, India.

Corresponding author: Dr. Vandana J Rathod, PT., Lecturer, SPB Physiotherapy College, Surat, India. Mobile: +91 97254 01671
E-Mail:
vannu6686@gmail.com

Abstract:

Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral developmental disorder. Cognitive behavior therapy is effective in children with ADHD. But data are lacking to prove efficacy of sensory integration therapy in treating the children with ADHD.
Method: This multi-center experimental study was done at three physiotherapy colleges in India. 60 patients with ADHD are included in the study. They are randomly assigned into three different groups. Group A: 20 (subjects receiving sensory integration therapy), group B: 20 (subjects receiving cognitive behavior therapy) and group C: 20 (subjects receiving sensory integration therapy and cognitive behavior therapy). The outcome measure used is Conner’s Teacher Rating Scale before and after six months of intervention.
Result: There was a significant decrease in scores of Conner’s Teacher Rating Scale (p<0.001) in children with ADHD who received sensory integration therapy and Cognitive Behavior Therapy alone and combined therapies of Sensory Integration Therapy and Cognitive Behavior Therapy.
Conclusion: Combined therapies of Sensory Integration Therapy and Cognitive Behavior Therapy are effective in reducing symptoms of ADHD as assed by Conner’s Teacher Rating Scale.  
KEY WORDS: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Sensory Integration Therapy.

References

  1. NINDS Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder Information Page. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS/NIH); 2007 Feb 9.
  2. Zwi M, Ramchandani P, Joughin C. Evidence and belief in ADHD. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2000 Oct;321(7267):975-6.
  3. Biederman J. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. A life-span perspective. Journal of clinical psychiatry, 1998;59(Suppl. 7): 4-16.
  4. Van Cleave J, Leslie LK. Approaching ADHD as a chronic condition: implications for long-term adherence. Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services, 2008 Aug;46 (8): 28-37.
  5. Balint S, Czobor P, Mezaros A, Simon V, Bitter I. Neuropsychological impairments in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a literature review. Psychiatry Hung 2008;23(5): 324-35.
  6. Srivastava RK, Shinde S. ADHD. An emerging market in India. Express Pharma Pulse 2004; 1021: 1-4.
  7. Stern HP, Stern TP. When children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder become adults. South. Med. J., 2002 Sep;95(9): 985-91.
  8. Barkley, Russell A. ADHD in Adults: History, Diagnosis, and Impairments.  Continuing Ed Courses 2007.
  9. Sciutoo, M.J., Nolfi, C.J., & Bluhm, C. Effects of Child Gender and Symptom Type on Referrals for ADHD by Elementary School Teachers. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 2004;12(4), 247-253.
  10. Kevin R Krull. Evaluation and diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactive disorder in children. [Online] 2007 December [cited 2008-09-15]. Available from URL: http://www.uptodate.com/online/content/topic.do?topicKey=behavior/8293&selectedTitle=4~150&source=search_result. Retrieved 2008-09-15.
  11. Krain, AL; Castellanos, FX. Brain development and ADHD. Clinical Psychology Review 2006; 26 (4): 433-444.
  12. Brain Matures a Few Years Late in ADHD, But Follows Normal Pattern NIMH Press Release, November 12, 2007
  13. Dopheide JA, Theesen KA. Disorders of childhood. In: Dipiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, et al, eds. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiological Approach. 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing; 1999.
  14. Gene Predicts Better Outcome as Cortex Normalizes in Teens with ADHD NIMH Press Release, August 6, 2007
  15. Lou HC, Andresen J, Steinberg B, McLaughlin T, Friberg L. The striatum in a putative cerebral network activated by verbal awareness in normals and in ADHD children.  Eur J Neurol., 1998 Jan;5(1):67–74.
  16. Dougherty DD, Bonab AA, Spencer TJ, Rauch SL, Madras BK, Fischman AJ. Dopamine transporter density in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Lancet 1999;354 (9196): 2132–-33
  17.  Dresel SH, Kung MP, Plössl K, Meegalla SK, Kung HF. Pharmacological effects of dopaminergic drugs on in vivo binding of [99mTc] TRODAT-1 to the central dopamine transporters in rats. European journal of nuclear medicine, 1998; 25 (1): 31-9.
  18. Zametkin AJ, Nordahl TE, Gross M. Cerebral glucose metabolism in adults with hyperactivity of childhood onset. N. Engl. J. Med., Nov 1990; 323(20): 1361-6.
  19. Faraone SV, Perlis RH, Doyle AE, Smoller JW, Goralnick JJ, Holmgren MA, Sklar P. Molecular genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 2005; 57:1313-1323.
  20. Khan SA, Faraone SV. The genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A literature review of 2005. Current Psychiatry Reports, 2006 Oct; 8:393-397.
  21. Linnet KM, Dalsgaard S, Obel C, Wisborg K, Henriksen TB, Rodriguez A, Kotimaa A, Moilanen I, Thomsen PH, Olsen J, Jarvelin MR. Maternal lifestyle factors in pregnancy risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and associated behaviors: review of the current evidence. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2003 Jun; 160(6):1028-1040.
  22. Mick E, Biederman J, Faraone SV, Sayer J, Kleinman S. Case-control study of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and maternal smoking, alcohol use, and drug use during pregnancy. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2002 Apr; 41(4):378-385.
  23. Wolraich ML, Lindgren SD, Stumbo PJ, Stegink LD, Appelbaum MI, Kiritsy MC. Effects of diets high in sucrose or aspartame on the behavior and cognitive performance of children. New England Journal of Medicine, 1994 Feb 3; 330(5):301-307.
  24. McCann D, Barrett A, Cooper A, Crumpler D, Dalen L, Grimshaw K, Kitchin E, Lok E, Porteous L, Prince E, Sonuga-Barke E, Warner JO. Stevenson J. Food additives and hyperactive randomiz in 3-year-old and 8/9-year-old children in the community: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet, 2007 Nov 3; 370(9598):1560-1567.
  25. Cuffe, S.P.; McCullough, Elizabeth L.; Pumariega, Andres J. (September 1994). Comorbidity of attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 1994 Sep 3(3): 327–336.
  26. Matthew Corders, T. F. McLaughlin. Attention deficit hyperactitiry disorder and rating scales with a brief review of the Connors teacher rating scale(1998). International Journal of Special Education, 2004;vol 19,no. 2.
  27. Conners, C. K. Conners Rating Scales Manual. North Tonawanda, NY: Multi-Health Systems;1998.
  28. Barkley, R. A. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment, New York: Guilford Press;1990.
  29. C. Keith Conners, Gill Sitarenios, James D. A. Parker, and Jeffery N. Epstein:   Revision and Restandardization of the Conners Teacher Rating Scale (CTRS-R): Factor Structure, Reliability, and Criterion Validity.  Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1998;(26)4:279-291
  30. Jensen, et al. Cost-Effectiveness of ADHD treatments: findings from the multimodal treatment study of children with ADHD. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2005;162(9): 1628-1636(page: 1633).
  31. CG72 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: full guideline (PDF). NHS. 24 September 2008.
  32. Jensen, et al. Cost-Effectiveness of ADHD treatments: findings from the multimodal treatment study of children with ADHD. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2005;162(9): 1628-1636(page: 1633).
  33. Jensen, PETER S. 3 year follow up of the NIMH MTA study. J Am Acad child adolesc psychiatry, 2007;46(8): 989.
  34. Stein MA. Innovations in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder pharmacotherapy: long acting stimulant and nonstimulant treatments. Am J Manag Care, 2004 July;10(4 Suppl): S89-98.
  35. A. Jean, Sensory integration and learning Disorders (Los Angeles: Western Psychological 1. Services, 1972).
  36. Shaywitz SE, Shaywitz BA. Attention deficit disorder: diagnosis and role of Ritalin in management. In: Greenhill LL, Osman BB, editors. Ritalin: theory and patient management. New York: MA Liebert, Publishers; 1991.
  37. Weiss G. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In: Lewis M, editor. Child and adolescent psychiatry: a comprehensive textbook. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1996.
  38. Tannock R. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: advances in cognitive, neurobiological, and genetic research. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 1998;39:65–99.
  39. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Washington (DC). American Psychiatric Association; 1994.
  40. Barkley RA. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a handbook for diagnosis and treatment. New York: Guildford Press; 1990.
  41. Vandana J Rathod, Kinjal S Mehta, Jagatheesan Alagesan, Kavya S Kamalamma. Effectiveness of sensory integration therapy in children with Autistic spectrum disorder- An experimental study. International journal of current research and review 2012; 4(10):111-118.
  42. Ana Miranda, Maria Jesus and Manuel Soriano. Effectiveness of a school-based multicomponent program for the treatment of children with ADHD. Journal of learning disability, 2002;35,6:547-563.

 

Vandana J Rathod, Vyoma Shah, Jagatheesan Alagesan, Poongundran Paranthaman, Soundararajan P. EFFECT OF SENSORY INTEGRATION THERAPY AND COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY ON ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER: SINGLE BLINDED STUDY. Int J Physiother Res 2015;3(2):947-954. DOI: 10.16965/ijpr.2015.112

b2



b3




Search

Volume 1 (2013)

Volume 2 (2014)

Volume 3 (2015)

Submit Manuscript