International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research

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Type of Article : Original Research

Year: 2015 | Volume 3 | Issue 2 | Page No. 971-977

Date of Publication: 11-04-2015

DOI: 10.16965/ijpr.2015.117

RISK ASSESSMENT OF DECUBITUS ULCERS USING FOUR SCALES AMONG PATIENTS ADMITTED IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL INTENSIVE CARE UNITS IN A TERTIARY CARE SET UP: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY  

Renu B. Pattanshetty *1, Pooja M. Prasade 2, Aradhana K.M 3.  

*1 Dept. of Cardio-Pulmonary Physiotherapy, KLEU Institute Of Physiotherapy, J N Medical College, Campus Belagavi, Karnataka, India.
2,3 Physiotherapy Intern, KLEU Institute Of Physiotherapy, J N Medical College, Campus Belagavi, Karnataka, India.

Corresponding author: Dr. Renu B. Pattanshetty MPT, Ph.D., Dept. Of Cardio-Pulmonary Physiotherapy, KLEU Institute Of Physiotherapy, JN Medical College Campus, Belagavi-590010, Karnataka, India. Mob No: 91-9448482564
E-Mail: renu_kori@rediffmail.com

Abstract:

Background and objectives: Pressure ulcers  are  the  third  most  expensive  disorder  after  cancer  and cardiovascular  diseases. For  predicting  the  risk  factors  early  among  patients  admitted  in  intensive  care units ,  all  critically  ill  patient  should  be  screened  for  presence  of  all  possible  risk  factors.  There is  no  single  specific  tool  for  risk  assessment  which  can  predict  almost  all  risk factors. Least studies have  been done in Indian scenario to compare and suggest a better predictor of risk assessment for presence of pressure ulcers. The objectives of the present study was to assess & predict the risk for decubitus ulcer using Braden, Norton, Waterlow and Cubbin & Jackson scale as well as to compare better predictor score / tool among these four scales in patients admitted in M.I.C.U. & S.I.C.U. in Indian scenario.
Materials and Methodology: A total of one hundred fifty (150) subjects adult males and females admitted in I.C.U  within 48 hours were included in the study. Braden scale, Norton scale, Waterlow scale and Cubbin & Jackson scale were administered by two physiotherapy interns.
Results: The data was analyzed using student's paired t test, Chi square test and single way ANOVA. Statistically significant differences were noted when the test scores were compared to age (58-77) years (p=0.0308) nutritional status(underweight & obesity) (p=0.0174), mechanical ventilation (p=0.00001), musculoskeletal problems (p=0.0333), type II Diabetes Mellitus (p=0.0003) that have shown to contribute higher risk for development of decubitus ulcers. Cubbin & Jackson scale have shown to be the best predictive value with 99.3% sensitivity and 55.5% specificity compared to other scores.
Conclusion: The present cross-sectional study concluded that the Cubbin and Jackson scale is a better predictor of risk of pressure ulcer in Indian scenario. In addition, Nutritional status, age group of 58-77 years, Type II diabetes mellitus and musculoskeletal problems have demonstrated to be risk factors for development of pressure ulcers in ICU admitted patients.
KEY WORDS:  Decubitus ulcer,  risk assessment, Braden scale, Norton scale, Waterlow scale, Cubbin and Jackson scale.

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Renu B. Pattanshetty, Pooja M. Prasade, Aradhana K.M. RISK ASSESSMENT OF DECUBITUS ULCERS USING FOUR SCALES AMONG PATIENTS ADMITTED IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL INTENSIVE CARE UNITS IN A TERTIARY CARE SET UP: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. Int J Physiother Res 2015;3(2):971-977. DOI: 10.16965/ijpr.2015.117

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