Type of Article : Original Research

Year: 2015 | Volume 3 | Issue 2 | Page No. 1011-1016

Date of Publication: 11-04-2015

DOI: 10.16965/ijpr.2015.125

VARIATIONS OF DYSMENORRHEA DURING STRESS AND NON STRESS CONDITION IN COLLEGE GOING GIRLS IN BELGAUM CITY: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Prashant Naik ¹, Aashka Shailesh Tanna ^*2, Priyanka Nareshkumar Mudaliar ³, Asmita Damodar Tari ⁴.  

¹ Lecturer, K.L.E. University's Institute of Physiotherapy, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.
^*2,3,4 Intern, K.L.E. University's Institute of Physiotherapy, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.

Corresponding author: Aashka Shailesh Tanna, Flat No-503,5th Floor, Highland Park, B-4, Jay Sharshtri Nagar, Nahur Village, Mulund West, Mumbai: 400082, India.
E-Mail: aashkatanna80@yaoo.com

Abstract:

Background: In  India,  prevalence  of  dysmenorrhea  varies from  33% to 79.67% 1-5. Dysmenorrhea  is  the  commonest  cause  of  absenteeism  among  college  going  girls6-9.  It  is  related  to  various  factors  such  as  cigarette  smoking,  alcohol  consumption,  exercise,  dietary  habits,  physical  factors  such  as  Body  Mass  Index (BMI)  and  menstrual  factors  such  as  age  at  menarche  and  duration  of  menstrual  flow  and  emotional  factors  such  as  stress,  anxiety  and  apprehension10.  It  is  of  immense  importance  to  study  the  factors  determining  the  variations  in  dysmenorrhea  due   to  stress  related  conditions.
Objective: To  study  the  variations  of  dysmenorrhea  during  stress  in  college  going  girls  in  Belagavi  city. With an objective to  study  the  variations  of  dysmenorrhea  during  non-stress  condition  in  college  going  girls  in  Belagavi  city and to to  study  the  variations  of  dysmenorrhea  during  stressful  and  non-stressful  conditions  among  college going  girls  in  Belagavi  city.
Methods: A total of 400 college going adolescent girls were screened for primary dysmenorrhea and pathological difficulties, malignancy and parity were excluded from the study.  Confirmation of Primary Dysmenorrhea was done using Moos Menstrual  Distress  Questionnaire. Once confirmed, all participants were subjected to councelling, taking into consideration  the  various  risk  factors  and  awareness  about diet and regular physical exercise  was conducted.
Results:  The present study proved that  BMI was an independent risk factor among dysmenorrhic  girls  with  the  onset  of  symptoms  occurring  mostly  among  the  early  age group i.e 20.9 years. This  study  also  proved  the  alternate  hypothesis  true  i.e  there  was  a  positive  and  significant  co-relation  between  each  component  taken  in  MMDQ  with the  mean  values  peaking  mostly  in  the  stress  group  than  in non stress group  with  the values  of  124  and  76.7  respectively.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that there was a significant variation in dysmenorrhea  during  stress  and  non stress  condition  in  college  going  girls.
KEY WORDS: Dysmenorrhea, stress , non stress , college going girls,  Menstrual Distress Questionnaire.

References

1. Arul Kumar  S,  Sivanesaratnam  V,  Chaterjee  A;  Kumar  P.  Essentials  of  Gynecology.  Jaypee Publications, 2011. Pg no 68 – 74.
2. Kumbhar, Suresh K., Mrudula Reddy, B. Sujana, Roja Reddy, K. Divya Bhargavi, C. Balkrishna, and Suresh K. Kumbhar. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls (14-19 yrs) of Kadapa District and Its impact on quality of life: A cross sectional study. National Journal of Community Medicine 2011;2(3):265.
3. Yamamoto, Kazuhiko, Ai Okazaki, Yoko Sakamoto, and Michiko Funatsu. The relationship between premenstrual symptoms, menstrual pain, irregular menstrual cycles, and psychosocial stress among Japanese college students. Journal of physiological anthropology 2009;28(3):129-136.
4. Unsal, Alaettin, Unal Ayranci, Mustafa Tozun, Gul Arslan, and Elif Calik. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its effect on quality of life among a group of female university students. Upsala journal of medical sciences 2010;115(2):138-145.
5. Akerland. M.  Pathophysiology  of  dysmenorrhea.  Acta Obstet  Gynecol,  1979;87 (suppl);27-32.
6. Parsons. Primary  dysmenorrhea.  Textbook  of  Gynecology,  second  edition ; 325 – 29.
7. Shaw. R. Disorders  of  Menstruation.  Shaw’s  textbook  of  Gynecology,  12th edition,  New Delhi ; Churchchill  Livingstone,1999;227-29.
8. Dawood YM.  Dysmenorrhea.  Clinical  Obstet  and  Gynecology 1983;26(3);719-27.
9. Goats GC.  Massage – the scientific  basis  of  an  anicient  art : Part  2  Physiological  and  Therapeutic  effects. Br  J  Sports  Med.  1994;28;153-6.
10. Baranitharan  R,  Mahalaxmi  V,  Kokila V.  Physiotherapy  care  of  Womens Health.  Jaypee  Brothers  Medical  Publisher,  2010.  Pg.No. 52-54
11. Balbi, Carlo, Rosalia Musone, Agostino Menditto, Luigi Di Prisco, Eufemia Cassese, Maurizio D’Ajello, Domenico Ambrosio, and Antonio Cardone. Influence of menstrual factors and dietary habits on menstrual pain in adolescence age. European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology  2000;91(2):143-148.
12. Pedron-Nuevo, N., L. N. Gonzalez-Unzaga, R. De Celis-Carrillo, M. Reynoso-Isla, and L. De la Torre-Romeral. Incidence of dysmenorrhea and associated symptoms in women aged 12-24 years. Ginecologia y obstetricia de Mexico  1998;66:492-494.
13. MOOS,  Rudolf  M,  The Development of a Menstrual Distress Questionnaire. Psychosomatic Medicine 1968;30(6).
14. Kavitha  C,  Jamuna . B. L. A study of menstrual distress questionnaire in first year medical students.  Int J Biol Med Res. 2013; 4(2): 3192- 3195.
15. Drank Shayani D K and Uenkafa R P. A study on Menstrual hygiene among rural adolescent girls. Indian Journal of Medical Sciences. 1995;45:139-143.
16. Nafstad, P., B. Stray-Pedersen, M. Sølvberg, and T. Tangen. Menarche and menstruation problems among teenagers in Oslo 1993." Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening: tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke 1995;115(5):604-606.
17. Jensen, Tina Kold, Thomas Scheike, Niels Keiding, Inger Schaumburg, and Philippe Grandjean. Fecundability in relation to body mass and menstrual cycle patterns. Epidemiology 1999;10:422-428.
18. Tangchai K , Titapant V, Boriboonhirunsarn D. Dysmenorrhea in Thai Adolescents; Prevalence, Impact and Knowledge of Treatment. J Med Assoc Thai. 2004; 87 SUPPL 3;69-73.
19. Chauhan M, Kala J. Relationship between Dysmenorrhea and BMI in Adolescents with Rural Vs Urban Varition ; J Obstat Gynecol India. 2012 Aug ;62(4):442-445.
20. Clarvit S R. Stress and Menstrual dysfunction in Medical Students. Psychosomatics 1988; 29;404-9
21. Christiani  DC,  Niu  t,  Xux.  Occupational  stress  and  dysmenorrhea   in  women  working  in  cotton  textile  mills.  Int. J  Occup  Environ  Health ; 1995; 1:9-15.
22. Gordley, Lori B., Grace Lemasters, Susan R. Simpson, and James H. Yiin.  Menstrual  disorders  and  occupational  stress  and  racial  factors  among  military  personnel. J  Occup  Environ  Med ; 2000 ; 42 ; 871 – 81.
23. Harlow  S D, Mark M. Longitudinal study of risk factors for the occurance, duration and severity of menstrual cramps in a cohort ofcollege woman. Br J Obstat Gynecol 1996; 103: 1134-42.
24. Friederich M A. Dysmenorrhea. Women Health 1983; 8: 91-106
25. Dawood M Y. Dysmenorrhea. J Reprod Med 1985; 30: 154-67.

Prashant Naik, Aashka Shailesh Tanna, Priyanka Nareshkumar Mudaliar, Asmita Damodar Tari. VARIATIONS OF DYSMENORRHEA DURING STRESS AND NON STRESS CONDITION IN COLLEGE GOING GIRLS IN BELGAUM CITY: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY. Int J Physiother Res 2015;3(2):1012-1016. DOI: 10.16965/ijpr.2015.125