Type of Article : Overview
Year: 2016 | Volume 4 | Issue 3 | Page No. 1554-1563
Date of Publication: 11-06-2016
DOI: 10.16965/ijpr.2016.134
FLOPPY INFANT SYNDROME: OVERVIEW
Jaspreet Kaur, Sonu Punia*.
Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India.
E-Mail: sonu.punianeuropt@gmail.com
Floppy infants exhibit poor control of movement, delayed motor skills, and hypotonic motor movement patterns. Weak infants always have hypotonia, but hypotonia may exist without weakness. Some indications of CNS abnormality are because of poor state of alertness, lack of response to visual and auditory stimuli, inability to manage co-ordinated functions like swallowing and sucking noted that the earlier the onset, the more severe and precipitus the course.Parents commonly complain to physicians that their baby is very passive, that it does not move its limbs like others, that its breathing pattern is abnormal or inquire why the baby cannot be weaned off the ventilator. Several studies have shown that central causes account for 60% to 80% of hypotonia cases and that peripheral causes occur in 15% to 30%7,9.Conditions where central and peripheral hypotonia may coexist are Familial dysautonomia, Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy, infantile neuroaxonal degeneration, Lipid storage diseases, Lysosomal disorders, mitochondrial disorders. Treatment of the infant who has hypotonia must be tailored to the specific responsible condition. In general, therapy is supportive. Rehabilitation is an important therapeutic consideration, with the aid of physical and occupational therapists.
Key Words: Floppy Infant Syndrome, Hypotonia, Weakness.
References
- R van Toorn. Clinical approach to the floppy child. 2nd; 2001.
- O’Sullivan. Physical Rehabilitation. 5th edition;2007: 233-234
- Sarah O’Connor, R. Garth Smith. An approach to the “floppy child”: clinically narrowing the differential diagnosis of hypotonia in the pediatric population. 2004.
- “Hypotonia”. Medline plus Medical Encyclopedia.
- Peter Rosenbaum and Debra Stewart. The World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health: A Model to Guide Clinical Thinking, Practice and Research in the Field of Cerebral Palsy.2004
- Peredo DE, Hannibal MC. The Floppy Infant: Evaluation of Hypotonia Pediatr. Rev 2009;30:66-76.
- Wijesekara DS. Clinical approach to a floppy infant. Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health 2013;41:211-216.
- Vivo MD, Rojo S, Rosso R, Chello G, Giliberti P. Floppy Infant Syndrome: new approach to the study of neonatal hypotonia through the analysis of a rare case of X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy.
- Gowda V, Parr J, Jayawant S. Evaluation of the floppy infant, 2007.
- Richer LP, Shevell MI, Miller SP. Diagnostic profile of neonatal hypotonia, 2003.
- Elisabeth Graham. The Effect of Rebound Therapy on Muscle Tone, 2006.
- Doull L. Respiratory disorders in Down’s syndrome: overview with diagnostic and treatment options, 2001.
- Dalen Y. Standing with and without vibration in children with severe cerebral palsy: Stockholm, 2011.
- Hartveld A, Hegarty RJ. Augmented Feedback and Physiotherapy Practice.
- Louis S, Mosby CV. Positioning and Handling to Foster Motor Function. Clinical Pediatric Physical Therapy: A Guide for the Physical Therapy Team 1898: 65–66.
- Damiano DL. Rehabilitative Therapies in Cerebral Palsy: The Good, the Not As Good, and the Possible 2009.
- Moore SJ, Turnpenny P, Quinn A, Glover S, Lloyd DJ, Montgomery T, Dean JCS. A clinical study of 57 children with fetal anticonvulsant syndromes 2000.
- Wilson JM. Selection and use of adaptive equipment.Therapeutic Exercise in Developmental Disabilities, 2nd ed. Thorofare, NJ, Slack Inc., 2001, pp 167–182.
Jaspreet Kaur, Sonu Punia. FLOPPY INFANT SYNDROME: OVERVIEW. Int J Physiother Res 2016;4(3):1554-1563. DOI: 10.16965/ijpr.2016.134
