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How   to   cite   this   Article:    Kalpana   Thounaojam,   Subhalakshmi   Wahengbam,   Elizabeth   Remei.    DIAPHYSEAL   NUTRIENT   FORAMINA   IN HUMAN ADULT HUMERUS.  Int J Anatomy Res 2016;4(4):3036-3039. DOI: 10.16965/ijar.2016.396.
Type of Article: Original Research DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2016.396 Page No.:  3036-3039
DIAPHYSEAL NUTRIENT FORAMINA IN HUMAN ADULT HUMERUS Kalpana Thounaojam * 1 , Subhalakshmi Wahengbam 2 , Elizabeth Remei 3 .   *1 Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of  Medical Sciences (JNIMS), Imphal, Manipur, India. 2 Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of  Medical Sciences (JNIMS), Imphal, Manipur, India 3 Demonstrator, Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of  Medical Sciences (JNIMS), Imphal, Manipur, India Address for correspondence:   Dr. Kalpana Thounaojam, Associate Professor, Anatomy Department, JNIMS, Imphal- 795005, Manipur, India. E-Mail:  kalpanathounaojam@yahoo.co.in ABSTRACT Background:    The   humerus   is   bone   of   the   arm.   It   is   a   long   bone.   Having   knowledge   on   the   location   of   the   nutrient   foramen   can   prevent   a   damage   to   the nutrient   artery   and   can   minimize   the   formation   of   a   delayed   union   or   a   non-union   of   the   fracture.   The   study   was   aimed   at   analyzing   the   nutrient   foramen   in dry adult humerii with reference to its number and location. Materials   and   Methods :   The   study   was   conducted   on   50   dry   adult   humerii   preserved   in   the   Department   of   Anatomy,   JNIMS,   Imphal.   The   bones   were   of unknown   sex.   The   length   of   the   bone,   foraminal   index,   number   of   nutrient   foramen,   direction   of   the   nutrient   foramen   and   location   of   nutrient   foramen were noted. Results:    The   frequency   of   humerus   with   single   nutrient   foramen   was   highest   (84%)   while   16%   of   humerii   had   two   nutrient   foramen.   In   horizontal   location of   nutrient   foramen,   48%   of   humerii   had   nutrient   foramen   in   anteromedial   surface,   40%   at   the   medial   border.   In   vertical   location   of   nutrient   foramen   of humerii, 94% of nutrient foramen were located in zone II and 6% in zone III. Conclusion :   Knowledge   on   nutrient   foramen   of   humerus   will   help   surgeons   in   avoiding   a   limited   area   of   the   cortex   of   the   long   bone   containing   the   nutrient foramen   during   an   open   reduction.   The   present   study   refutes   the   general   notation   that   nutrient   foramen   of   humerus   is   in   its   anteromedial   surface   as   less than 50% is present on this surface. KEY WORDS: Humerus, Nutrient Foramen, Delayed Union, Fracture, Non Union. References 1 . Malukar O, Joshi H. Diaphyseal Nutrient Foramina in long bones and miniature long bones in NJIRM 2011;2(2) :23-26. 2 . Humphrey G.M. Observations on the growth of the long bones and of the stumps in Medico Chir. Trans.1861; 44:117-134. 3 . Standring   S,   Leela   CB.   Elbow   and   forearm.   Gray’s   Anatomy.   The   Anatomical   basis   of   clinical   practice.   41 st    edition.   London:   Churchill   Livingstone Elsevier, 2016;806. 4 . Bhojaraja   VS,   Kalthur   SG,   Dsouza   AS.   Anatomical   study   of   diaphyseal   nutrient   foramina   in   human   adult   humerus      in      Arch   Med   Health   Sci      2014;2:165- 9. 5 . Forriol   Campos   F,   Gomez   Pellico   L,   Gianonatti   Alias   M,   Fernandez-Valencia   R.   A   study   of   the   nutrient   foramina   in   human   long   bones   in      Surg   Radiol Anat 1987;9:251-5. 6 . Carroll SE. A study of nutrient foramina of the humeral diaphyses in The Journal of bone and joint surgery 1963;45B:176-81. 7 . Dr.   Shamsunder   Rao   V,   Jyothinath   Kothapalli   .   The   Diaphyseal   nutrient   foramina   architecture   -   a   study   on   the   human   upper   and   lower   limb   long   bones in IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 2014;9(1):36-41. 8 . Longia GS, Ajmani ML, Saxena SK, Thomas RJ.  Study of diaphyseal nutrient foramina in human long bones in ActaAnat (Basel) 1980;107(4):399-406 . 9 . Mysorekar VR. Diaphyseal nutrient foramina in human long bones in J Anat 1967;101:813-22. 1 0 . Robert WA. A physiological study of the blood supply of the diaphysis in J Bone Joint Surg. 1927;9:153-54. 1 1 . Rhinelander FW. The normal microcirculation of diaphyseal cortex and its response to fracture in  Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 1927;50A:643-662. 1 2 . Chatrapathi.D.N,    Mishra.B.D.    Positions    of    nutrient    foramen    on    the    shaft    of    the    human    long    bones    in    Journal    of    Anatomical    society    of    India 1965;14:54-63.  1 3 . Kizilkanat   E,   Boyan   N,   Ozsahin   ET,   Soames   R,   Oguz   O.   Location,   number   and   clinical   significance   of   nutrient   foramina   in   human   long   bones   in   Ann   Anat 2007;189:87-95. 1 4 . Shanta Chandrasekaran, K.C. Shanthi. A study on the nutrient foramina of adult humerii in J Clin Diagn Res. 2013;7(6):975-977. 1 5 . Asharani SK, Ajay Ningaiah. A study on the nutrient foramen of humerus.in Int J Anat Res 2016;4(3):2706-2709. 16. Halagatti Manjunath S, Rangasubhe Pramod. A study of nutrient foramina in dry adult humerii of south Indian subjects in National Journal of Clinical Anatomy. 2011;1(2):76-80.
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Volume 4 |Issue 4.2 |  2016 Date of Publication:  30 November 2016
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